Stephen Wolfram, creator of Mathematica, Wolfram Alpha, and the Wolfram Language, and author of ‘A New Kind of Science’, is the founder and CEO of Wolfram Research. Over nearly four decades, he has been a pioneer in computational thinking, leading to significant discoveries and innovations across science, technology, and business. Born in London in 1959, Wolfram was educated at Eton, Oxford, and Caltech. He published his first scientific paper at the age of 15, and had received his PhD in theoretical physics from Caltech by the age of 20. His early work in high-energy physics and cosmology included several classic results. Starting with computers in 1973, Wolfram developed the first modern computer algebra system, SMP, released commercially in 1981. Recognized with a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981 for his work in physics and computing, Wolfram then focused on complexity in nature through computer experiments with cellular automata. This led to significant discoveries and laid the foundation for complex systems research. His work introduced concepts like computational irreducibility and influenced fields such as complexity theory and artificial life.